The markets of the Persian Gulf countries offer significant potential for Armenia, but expanding exports in that direction will require time, investment, and solutions to logistical challenges. This view was expressed by Hayk Kocharyan, a researcher at the Center for Civilizational and Cultural Studies.
According to Kocharyan, Arab markets are large and could theoretically create attractive opportunities for Armenian producers. However, not all products will be competitive there, particularly agricultural goods, where production costs, supply volumes, and market competition play a decisive role.
The UAE and Qatar Are the Most Realistic Options
“If we look at the most accessible markets, the United Arab Emirates and, to some extent, Qatar remain the most realistic destinations. The Emirati market is especially interesting because a significant share of agricultural imports previously came from Iran, but recent developments have created certain difficulties in that supply chain,” the expert notes.
At the same time, Armenian producers would have to compete directly with Turkish products. As a result, success in Gulf markets requires careful planning and substantial preparation.
Competition Is Not the Only Challenge
Kocharyan argues that competition is only part of the problem.
Many Armenian companies are unable to provide the large volumes required by major Gulf markets. In addition, entering these markets often requires substantial working capital, which limits the ability of many businesses to expand.
“Some companies are already working in this direction, but it requires time and systematic effort,” he says.
Opportunities Beyond Agriculture
The expert believes that government support programs have encouraged many Armenian exporters to focus on European markets. However, Gulf countries should also be viewed as an important destination not only for agricultural products but for a broader range of Armenian exports.
In his view, the region’s potential extends well beyond the agricultural sector.
Logistics Remain the Main Obstacle
One of the key challenges remains transportation and logistics.
According to Kocharyan, the shortest and most efficient route to Gulf markets passes through Iran. Therefore, developments involving Iran, as well as the potential opening of regional transport links, are of critical importance.
At present, efforts to expand exports to Gulf countries are largely driven by the private sector, while a comprehensive state strategy for this direction has yet to emerge.
“This is an important avenue for export diversification, but it is still difficult to say whether it will become one of Armenia’s primary export markets. Much will depend on the capabilities of Armenian businesses and the development of interstate relations,” Kocharyan concludes.